The Toll-like receptor 4 pathway modulates response to anti-PD-1 therapy

Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Toll-IL-1 Receptor

Toll-like receptor 4 confers inflammatory response to Suilysin

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an emerging human pathogen worldwide. A large outbreak occurred in the summer of 2005 in China. Serum samples from this outbreak revealed that levels of the main proinflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in patients with streptococcal toxic-shock-like syndrome (STSLS) than in patients with meningitis only. However, the mechanism underlying the cy...

Toll-like receptor 4 modulates skeletal muscle substrate metabolism.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a protein integral to innate immunity, is elevated in skeletal muscle of obese and type 2 diabetic humans and has been implicated in the development of lipid-induced insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of TLR4 as a modulator of basal (non-insulin-stimulated) substrate metabolism in skeletal muscle with the hypothesis that its activa...

Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal Modulates Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cell Response through the Toll-Like Receptor 4

Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal Modulates Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cell Response through the TollLike Receptor 4 Patricia R. Wardwell1,2, David R. Wilson1,2, Dewayne L. Garner1,2 and Rebecca A. Bader1,2* 1Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA 2Onondaga Community College, Syracuse, NY, USA SOJ Immunology Open Acces...

Metastatic uveal melanoma showing durable response to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 combination therapy after experiencing progression on anti-PD-1 therapy alone

BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma accounts for 85% of the ocular melanomas and has an increased risk of hematogenous spread, most commonly to the liver. After curative intent therapy like surgery and radiation, fifty percent of patients present with distant metastasis. Metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) does not harbor typically targetable mutations, e.g., BRAF as in cutaneous melanoma. As a result, there...